About Chlamydia
On this page:
Signs and Symptoms
Transmission
Complications
Prevention
Testing and Treatment
For More Information
Signs and Symptoms
- Most people have no symptoms
- Develop 7-21 days after exposure, or not at all
For women:
- Abnormal vaginal bleeding or discharge
- Burning or pain during urination
- Pain in lower abdomen
- Anal discomfort
For men:
- Watery or thin white discharge from penis
- Burning or pain during urination
- Anal discomfort
Transmission
Chlamydia is spread by:
- Vaginal sex
- Oral sex
- Anal sex
- Infected mother to newborn
Complications
If left untreated, chlamydia can:
- Spread to sex partners
- Lead to ectopic (tubal) pregnancy
- Lead to pelvic inflammatory disease
- Lead to infertility in men and women
- Make it easier to transmit or acquire HIV during sex
During pregnancy, chlamydia infection:
- Can be passed to newborn during childbirth and cause serious eye infection or pneumonia
- Can lead to premature delivery and low birth weight
Prevention
- Avoiding vaginal, oral or anal sex is the best way to prevent STDs.
- Condoms, when used consistently and correctly, can reduce the risk of transmission of chlamydia.
- Always use condoms during vaginal and anal sex.
- Use a condom for oral sex on a penis.
- Use a barrier (dental dam or condom cut in half) for oral sex on a vagina or anus.
- Limit the number of sex partners.
- Notify sex partners immediately if infected.
- Make sure partners are tested and treated at the same time to prevent re-infection.
- CDC Condom Locator
Search by zip code to find free or low-cost condoms near you.
Testing and Treatment
- Get a test from a medical provider if infection is suspected.
- Chlamydia can be cured using medication prescribed by a medical provider.
- Partners should be treated at the same time.
- STD Testing
Find free or low-cost testing near you.
NOTE: A person can be re-infected after treatment.
For more Information
-
STD Basics
Signs and symptoms, transmission, complications, prevention and treatment for STDs.
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What You and Your Partner Should Know about Chlamydia and Gonorrhea
Information for you and your partner after being diagnosed with chlamydia and/or gonorrhea.
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Just Diagnosed? Next Steps After Testing Positive for Gonorrhea or Chlamydia (CDC)
If you’ve just found out that you have gonorrhea or chlamydia, you may be trying to figure out what to do next. -
For People who Have Been Sexually Assaulted: Information About STDs
For those who may have been sexually assaulted, this brochure provides guidelines on being tested for HIV and other STDs. - STD/HIV Partner Services Program
The Partner Services Program offers people who have been diagnosed with HIV or an STD free medical, prevention, and other services, including help with partner notification.
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Minnesota Family Planning and STD Hotline
1-800-783-2287 Voice/TTY; 651-645-9360 (Metro)
Spotlight
New (5/2020) COVID-19 response: updated guidance about sexually transmitted disease services
Dear Colleague: STD Letter (PDF)
Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Options (PDF)
Azithromycin Shortage - 4/14/2020
STD Statistics - 2018
2019 Annual STD/HIV and Hepatitis Data Release Postponed
Revised Syphilis Screening Recommendations for Pregnant Women
New (12/2019) syphilis and gonorrhea/chlamydia case report forms now available:
Minnesota Confidential Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Report Form
Minnesota Confidential Syphilis Report Form
STD/HIV/TB Data and Presentation Request
If you have questions or comments about this page, use our IDEPC Comment Form or call 651-201-5414 for the MDH Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Prevention and Control Division.
